How To Use Filezilla For Sftp On A Mac

To publish your website files using FileZilla on a Mac, follow these steps: Open your FileZilla program. Click File then select File Manager to in order to set a secure connection. Select SFTP - SSH File Transfer Protocol. Host: nsu.nova.edu. User: Your NSU username.

Mac OS X is derived from Unix style operating systems, so understandably, the tools to manage SSH connections are already built in.

Public/private key authentication, as the name suggests, uses two special cryptographic key files (called keys) to authenticate your login. The private key remains on your computer and should be kept safe from unauthorised access. The public key can be freely installed on remote systems. It doesn't matter if your public key gets stolen or lost. Because only you have the private key you can always regenerate the public key again from it. The key files are just plain text - nothing magical. You can open them in TextEdit.app if you are curious!

1. Create the keys
   Open the Terminal application from the Applications/Utilities folder, or press - and search for Terminal using Spotlight.
   Once Terminal is open, we need to change change directory to the hidden .ssh directory. Enter the following commands.This should then echo this back to you:Now we need to generate your keypair. Enter the following command carefully:Just replace John Smith with your own name (keeping the quotation marks, they're important!). Replace john with a single word (no spaces) that will help you identify the files that the command will generate. When you hit you will be asked to enter a Passphrase. Enter a STRONG passphrase including upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols. Keep this passphrase somewhere secure so you can get to it later (you'll need it anytime you want to use your private key from a new computer).
   Note: If your private key ever gets stolen, this password is your last line of defence. A private key with a weak or no passphrase is a gift to hackers! Generally speaking, a good 16 character passphrase will keep the world's most powerful computers at bay until the sun burns out!
   In the above example, two files will be created in the hidden .ssh directory, john and john.pub
   If you now enter the commandthen the contents of your public key will be printed to the terminal. It will look something like the below. Now, simply mark the whole of the key (as shown) and copy it into the clipboard.
2. Setting up your cPanel account with your public key
   Log into your cPanel account, and click on the SSH Access icon in the Security group of icons.Click the Manage SSH Keys button.Click the Import Key button to get the Import SSH Key screen.Paste your public key into the public key text box. Give your public key a name, as shown (this becomes the filename your public key is saved as) and click the Import button. If you don't give your key a name, it will default to being called id_dsa.The next step is to authorise your public key.Back on the Manage SSH Keys cPanel screen, click Manage for your key (as shown)
   Then, on the Manage Authorization screen just click the Authorize button and you should receive a confirmation that the key has been authorised. That's it, you're now ready to use your private key!
3. Log in using your keys
   OK, lets leave the .ssh directory and go back to our local home directory on our MacNow we have to connect to the webserver using the ssh command. We must tell ssh to use our private key.This tells ssh to connect using (-p) Port 722 and using (-i) Identity within the private keyfile at .ssh/john to hestia.krystal.co.uk as user krystald (phew!) - Just replace your private key file name, krystald with your own cPanel username, and hestia.krystal.co.uk with your own Home Server name or your primary domain name.
   Your Mac will now ask you for the password for your private key as below. Enter your password and tick the box to save the password to your Keychain (read below!). If you don't tick the box, then next time you log out and back into your Mac and try this connection again, you will be asked for the password again.

You will probably get a message echoed in the terminal like Identity added: .ssh/john (.ssh/john) but if all goes well, you should have been logged in.

In future you won't have to specify your private key, so you can simply login using

Enhancing SFTP Access using Filezilla with public/private keys

Assuming you have already Setup Filezilla to connect using SFTP with your account password, then there is very little to do

Just open Filezilla's Site Manager from the File menu, locate your connection profile under My Sites, and remove the password.

With your SSH details saved in your keychain you will be logged in automatically.

Related

Introduction

Are you a recent cloud hosting convert and find yourself struggling to figure out how to best manage the files on your first virtual private server (VPS)? Do you find yourself intimidated by the command line? If so, you will be happy to learn that FileZilla provides a user-friendly graphical interface that can securely transfer files to-and-from, as well as move files around within, your VPS.

Secure Communication

The two most common methods of securely transmitting information between two computers are the (i) Secure Shell (SSH) and (ii) Transport Layer Security (TLS), and its predecessor Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), cryptographic protocols. Both are public-key cryptography tunneling protocols that aim to create a secure, confidential exchange of data and connection across a network (particularly the internet). The encryption technologies used by both protocols are very reliable, and are (when configured correctly) nearly impossible for hackers to break into. However, while both protocols provide similar services, they are not the same. In fact, they have several significant differences that are beyond the scope of this article.

Today, OpenSSH is a default software package found on Unix-like operating systems such as Mac OS X and Linux. Thus, programs or subsystems that are based on the SSH protocol will work “out-of-the-box” without having to go through the additional steps of either purchasing or creating the requisite SSL certificate needed for certain modes of secure data transmissions via TLS/SSL.

FTP vs. SCP vs. SFTP vs. FTPS

When needing to upload or download files from your VPS in real time, you essentially have the following options:

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1. File Transfer Protocol (FTP);
2. Secure Copy Program (SCP);
3. SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP); or
4. FTP over TLS/SSL (FTPS).

FTP *not secure

Among the various file-transfer options, one should never, ever, ever connect to a remote server via FTP; SCP and SFTP are just as easy to use, but provide much more security. In addition, while FTP requires the installation of FTP server software such as vsFTP or ProFTP, both SCP and SFTP utilize the SSH protocol and, as a result, will work “out-of-the-box” when connecting to a remote Unix-like machine, such as Mac OS X or Linux.

SCP vs. SFTP

Given that both SCP and SFTP utilize the SSH protocol in connecting to another computer, the two methods are fairly equal in regard to security. SFTP has a slight edge in regard to efficiency, because an interrupted file-transfer can resume where it left off in the event of a broken connection that is later re-established.

SFTP vs. FTPS

SFTP should not be confused with FTPS, because the two methods are incompatible with each other. While FTPS can provide equal security, it does require additional steps to deploy if one does not already have an SSL certificate.

SFTP Clients

There are several quality SFTP clients out there: Cyberduck, Filezilla or WinSCP, to name a few. This article, however, will focus on Filezilla – an open-source (i.e. free) FTP client for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. In addition to being able to download the program, the filezilla-project.org site also contains a documentation Wiki and a Support Forum.

Key-based Authentication

With SFTP, you have two user-authentication options when connecting to a cloud server: (i) passwords or (ii) SSH keys. For a discussion on the benefits of SSH keys over passwords and/or instructions on setting up password-less logins on your server, please refer to How To Create SSH Keys with PuTTY to Connect to a VPS.

SFTP via SSH2 Key-based Authentication

FileZilla has a built-in key management page in the Settings dialog, which allows you to save your Public (SSH) Key and to (securely) automate the process of connecting to a remote server.

Prequisite

If you have yet to create an SSH key pair, you can do so by following one of two DigitalOcean tutorials:

• Windows users:How To Create SSH Keys with PuTTY to Connect to a VPS
• Mac OSX & Linux users:How To Set Up SSH Keys

Follow these steps once you have an SSH key pair that you would like to use to connect to your VPS:

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1. Open the FileZilla client.
2. From the top of the home screen, click on Edit and select Settings.
3. On the left side of the menu, expand the Connection section and highlight SFTP.

1. Click on the [Add keyfile…] button and browse your local machine’s directories and select your Private Key file.
2. Then, again from the top of FileZilla’s home screen, click on File and select Site Manager.
3. Finally, on the left side of the Site Manager, click on the New Site button and type a unique name under My Sites that will allow you to easily identify this particular remote server in the future.

1. Now, under the General tab, fill in the Host (with either an IP address or FQDN) and Port fields (default is 22).
2. In the Protocol dropdown menu, select SFTP - SSH File Transfer Protocol.
3. In the Logon Type dropdown menu, select Interactive.

Note for PuTTY users with passphrase-protected public keys: If your original .ppk file is password-protected, FileZilla will convert your .ppk file to an unprotected one when importing the key into FileZilla. As of version 3.0.10, a password-protected key file is not yet supported.

If a password-protected key file is desired, FileZilla is able to utilize PuTTY’s Pageant tool.

1. Simply run Pageant; in your system tray, you will see the Pageant icon appear.
2. Right-click on the icon and select Add Key and select your private key (.ppk) file.
3. Then, follow the prompt to enter your passphrase.
4. Finally, launch FileZilla and connect to your virtual private server via SFTP using SSH2 with a username and an empty password (do not forget to close pageant when you are done).

Editing Text Files

In managing your VPS, you will inevitably encounter a situation where some programming (text) files require edits. FileZilla does not carry a built-in text editor, which gives you the freedom of using any text editor of your choice. A popular editor among Windows users is Notepad++ because it is lightweight and can work with many of today’s popular programming languages.

By default, FileZilla is configured to utilize your local system’s default editor. If you do not wish to make Notepad++ your system’s default text editor, but would nevertheless like to use it to edit HTML, XML, Python, CSS, PHP & other programming files on your VPS:

1. From the FileZilla home screen, click on Edit and select Settings.
2. Along the left side of the Settings window, highlight File editing.
3. Then, select the radio button associated with Use custom editor and click on the Browse button.
4. Find your desired editor’s executable (.exe on Windows machines), double-click on it, and click the OK button to save your changes & close the Settings window.